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GAZA CONFLICT AND GLOBAL APPROACH

GAZA CONFLICT AND GLOBAL APPROACH

1. Context and Background

  • Incident: Killing of Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar in Gaza by Israeli forces on October 16, 2024.
  • Significance: Sinwar’s assassination represents a key milestone in Israel’s campaign against Hamas, following the assassination of previous Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in July 2024.
  • Broader Impact: Rising civilian casualties and the lack of diplomatic initiatives have escalated humanitarian concerns and political tensions.

2. Positions of Global Powers

  • United States: Preoccupied with domestic issues, the U.S. has not successfully pushed for a ceasefire, despite its influence in the region.
  • China: Seeks to build influence by supporting Palestinian sovereignty from a decolonization perspective and maintaining a stance that fosters its relations with Arab and Iranian allies.
  • India: Adopts a dual stance by supporting counter-terrorism initiatives while also upholding a two-state solution, balancing its ties with both Israel and Palestine.

3. Regional and Global Diplomacy

  • China's Influence: Actively engaging in West Asia, hosting Palestinian factions to support unity, yet avoiding direct condemnation of Hamas to preserve diplomatic leverage.
  • India’s Balanced Approach: Maintains a strategic and moderate stance, supporting Israel’s fight against terrorism while backing the two-state solution, showing a commitment to both international peace and regional stability.

4. Global South’s Position

  • Fragmented Stance: Countries within the Global South, like South Africa, have taken varied stances, often based on their historical experiences and national interests.
  • Divergent Paths in BRICS: While China views BRICS expansion as a way to solidify its influence, India remains cautious about overextending BRICS’ scope and has focused more on specific bilateral ties.

5. Broader Implications

  • India-China Contestation: Represents a lack of cohesion within the Global South, with each prioritizing distinct regional strategies in West Asia.
  • Challenges in Mediation: Limited military and diplomatic leverage prevent countries in the Global South from leading peace initiatives effectively, indicating an unmet need for stable international mediation.

Analytical Question

  1. Evaluate the impact of the assassination of Yahya Sinwar on the Israel-Palestine conflict and discuss its implications for regional stability.
  2. Analyze India’s diplomatic stance on the Israel-Palestine conflict, considering its emphasis on counter-terrorism and support for a two-state solution.
  3. Discuss the role of China and India in the evolving dynamics of the Israel-Palestine conflict. How does their approach reflect the broader strategic considerations within the Global South?
  4. With reference to recent developments in West Asia, critically analyze the challenges faced by the Global South in acting as a unified entity on international issues.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  1. The recent assassination of Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar occurred in which region?

    • A) West Bank
    • B) Gaza
    • C) Syria
    • D) Lebanon
    • Answer: B) Gaza

  2. Which country recently took Israel to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over the Palestinian issue?

    • A) India
    • B) China
    • C) South Africa
    • D) Brazil
    • Answer: C) South Africa

  3. Which of the following describes India’s approach to the Israel-Palestine conflict?

    • A) Complete support to Palestine
    • B) Full alignment with Israel
    • C) Support for counter-terrorism and two-state solution
    • D) Neutral and non-interventionist
    • Answer: C) Support for counter-terrorism and two-state solution

  4. The idea of the Global South represents which of the following?

    • A) Economic union of developing nations
    • B) Political and economic alliance of all democracies
    • C) Group of developing countries with shared economic and political interests
    • D) Military alliance of non-aligned countries
    • Answer: C) Group of developing countries with shared economic and political interests

MCQs

  1. Which of the following is an essential component of India’s foreign policy towards the Israel-Palestine conflict?

    • A) Opposing the two-state solution
    • B) Complete non-engagement
    • C) Balanced stance with support for counter-terrorism and a two-state solution
    • D) Prioritizing ties with Israel only
    • Answer: C) Balanced stance with support for counter-terrorism and a two-state solution

  2. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) handles cases concerning which of the following?

    • A) Trade agreements between countries
    • B) Human rights violations by private entities
    • C) Disputes between states and international law violations
    • D) Economic policy disagreements within the WTO
    • Answer: C) Disputes between states and international law violations

ANALYTICAL QUESTIONS

  1. Examine the complexities of India’s position on the Israel-Palestine issue. How does India balance its stance on counter-terrorism and support for Palestine?
  2. Discuss the role of emerging powers like India and China in the changing dynamics of the Israel-Palestine conflict. How do these countries’ actions reflect their strategic interests in the region?

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